Textadept 11.0 beta 2 Manual

Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. Getting Started
  3. User Interface
  4. Working with Files and Projects
  5. Adept Editing
  6. Compile, Run, and Build
  7. Modules
  8. Themes
  9. Scripting
  10. Compiling
  11. Appendix

Introduction

Overview

Textadept

Textadept is a fast, minimalist, and remarkably extensible cross-platform text editor for programmers. Written in a combination of C and Lua and relentlessly optimized for speed and minimalism over the last 12+ years, Textadept is an ideal editor for programmers who want endless extensibility without sacrificing speed and disk space, and without succumbing to code bloat and a superabundance of features. The application has both a graphical user interface (GUI) version that runs in a desktop environment, and a terminal version that runs within a terminal emulator.

Textadept is fast. It starts up instantly and has a very responsive user interface. C code is about as fast as you can get, and Lua is widely regarded as being one of the fastest scripting languages available.

Textadept is minimalist. Not only is this evident in the editor’s appearance, but its C core is limited to around 2000 lines of code and its Lua extension code tries to avoid going beyond 4000 lines. After more than 12 years of development, Textadept contains roughly the same amount of code since its inception while significantly improving year after year.

Textadept is remarkably extensible. It was designed to be that way from the beginning; the editor’s features came later. Most of Textadept’s internals are written in Lua: syntax highlighting, opening and saving files, and search and replace, to name a few. Textadept gives you nearly complete control over the entire application using Lua. Capabilities like navigating within the editor, changing menus and key bindings on the fly, handling core events, and highlighting the syntax of new programming languages are possible. The editor’s potential is seemingly limitless.

Split Views

About This Manual

This manual uses the following typographical conventions:

Key bindings use the following modifier key representations:

Modifier Windows, Linux, BSD macOS Terminal
Control Ctrl ^ ^
Alt Alt ⌥ M-
Command N/A ⌘ N/A
Shift Shift ⇧ S-

This manual uses the following terminology:

Finally, this manual assumes you are familiar enough with the Lua programming language that you can understand the simple code samples spread throughout the manual’s contents. If you would like to quickly get up to speed, or need a refresher, the excerpt from Lua Quick Reference may be of help.

~/.textadept

Textadept stores all settings and user data in a local user directory that varies, depending on the platform. This directory can also be configured using command line arguments. On Windows systems, the default user directory is C:\Users\username.textadept\ or C:\Documents and Settings\username.textadept\; on macOS, the default user directory is /Users/username/.textadept/; and on Linux and BSD, it is /home/username/.textadept/. (Substitute username for your actual user name.) From this point forward, the manual will use ~/.textadept/ in place of any platform-specific user data directory.

There is a special file, ~/.textadept/init.lua, that Textadept will create for you if it does not already exist. This file is what you use to configure Textadept, specify your preferences, and customize what the application does when it starts. For example, you can use this file to set a color theme, specify default buffer and view settings, change the settings of existing modules, load custom modules, configure key bindings, extend menus, enhance support for file types and programming languages, and run arbitrary Lua code. These topics will be covered throughout the manual. Textadept’s comprehensive Lua API lists, among other things, all configurable settings for buffers, views, and modules. You can open your ~/.textadept/init.lua file via Ctrl+P on Windows, Linux, and BSD, ⌘, on macOS, and M-~ in the terminal version.

Here is a simple ~/.textadept/init.lua for illustration:

-- Adjust the default theme's font and size.
if not CURSES then
  view:set_theme('light', {font = 'DejaVu Sans Mono', size = 12})
end

-- Always use tabs for indentation.
buffer.use_tabs = true
buffer.tab_width = 4

-- Always strip trailing spaces on save, automatically highlight the current
-- word, and use C99-style line comments in C code.
textadept.editing.strip_trailing_space = true
textadept.editing.highlight_words = textadept.editing.HIGHLIGHT_CURRENT
textadept.editing.comment_string.ansi_c = '//'

-- Load an external module and bind a key to it.
local ctags = require('ctags')
keys.f12 = ctags.goto_tag

-- Recognize .luadoc files as Lua code.
textadept.file_types.extensions.luadoc = 'lua'

-- Change the run commands for Lua and Python
textadept.run.run_commands.lua = 'lua5.1 "%f"'
textadept.run.run_commands.python = 'python3 "%f"'

-- Always use PEP-8 indentation style for Python files.
events.connect(events.LEXER_LOADED, function(name)
  if name ~= 'python' then return end
  buffer.use_tabs = false
  buffer.tab_width = 4
end)

Note: ~/.textadept/init.lua must not call any functions that create buffers and views (e.g. ui.print(), io.open_file(), and buffer.new()) at file-level scope. Buffers and views can only be created within functions assigned to keys, associated with menu items, or connected to events.

Getting Started

Requirements

In its bid for minimalism, Textadept depends on very little to run. On Windows and macOS, it has no external dependencies. On Linux and BSD, the GUI version depends only on GTK (a cross-platform GUI toolkit) version 2.24 or later (circa early 2011), and the terminal version depends only on a wide-character implementation of curses like ncurses(w). Most Linux and BSD systems either already have these dependencies installed, or they are readily available from a package manager.

Windows XP and Mac OSX 10.7 (Lion) are the minimum required operating systems. Linux and BSD have no defined minimum.

Download

Textadept releases can be found here. Select the appropriate package for your platform. A comprehensive list of changes between releases can be found here. You can also download a separate set of modules that provide extra features and functionality to the core application.

Windows Note: antivirus software may flag the Windows package as containing a virus or malware. This is a false-positive, likely due to Textadept’s terminal version executable, which is a console application.

The following table lists Textadept’s approximate download and installation size for each platform.

Platform Download Size Installed Size
Linux 4 MB 11 MB
macOS 11 MB 35 MB (12 MB without bundled GTK Runtime)
Windows 16 MB 41 MB (23 MB without bundled GTK Runtime)

Note: each platform package contains two executables, one for the GUI version of Textadept, and one for the terminal version.

Installation

Installing Textadept is simple and easy. You do not need administrator privileges. On Windows, Linux, and BSD, simply unpack the archive anywhere. On macOS, unpack the archive and move Textadept.app to your user or system Applications/ directory like any other macOS application. The macOS archive also contains a ta script for launching Textadept from the command line. You can put this script somewhere in your $PATH (e.g. /usr/local/bin/), but this is completely optional.

If you downloaded Textadept’s extra set of modules, you can unpack its contents into Textadept’s directory (thus merging the modules/ directories) on Windows, Linux, and BSD. On macOS, it is recommended to create a ~/.textadept/ directory (if it does not already exist) and unpack the modules there (thus creating or merging the modules/ directory).

Note: Textadept generally does not auto-load modules, so you will need to load at least some of those extra modules manually. For example, in your ~/.textadept/init.lua:

require('ctags')
require('file_diff')
require('spellcheck')

Updating

Textadept releases typically occur on the first day of the month every 1-2 months. There is no auto-update process. (Textadept does not connect to the internet; it’s just a text editor.) Simply download the new version and copy its contents into your current installation, overwriting any existing files and directories.

Running

Linux    macOS    Win32    curses

Run Textadept on Windows by double-clicking textadept.exe or textadept-curses.exe. On macOS, double-click Textadept.app or invoke the ta script from the command line. On Linux and BSD, invoke textadept or textadept-curses from a file browser, run dialog, terminal, etc.

For convenience, you can create shortcuts to the executables on the Windows Desktop, Start Menu, Quick Launch toolbar, etc. On macOS, you can pin the app to your dock. On Linux and BSD, you can create a symbolic link to the executables from somewhere in your $PATH (e.g. /usr/local/bin/) or make a GNOME, KDE, XFCE, etc. button or menu launcher. Textadept’s src/textadept.desktop and src/textadept-curses.desktop files may be of help.

Textadept accepts a variety of command line arguments, which are listed in the table below.

Option Arguments Description
-e, --execute 1 Run the given Lua code
-f, --force 0 Forces unique instance
-h, --help 0 Shows thisa
-l, --line 1 Jumps to a line in the previously opened file
-n, --nosession 0 No state saving/restoring functionality
-s, --session 1 Loads the given session on startup
-u, --userhome 1 Sets alternate user data directory
-v, --version 0 Prints version and copyright infoa

aThe terminal version does not support these.

You can add your own command line arguments using args.register(). For example, in your ~/.textadept/init.lua:

args.register('-r', '--read-only', 0, function()
  events.connect(events.FILE_OPENED, function()
    buffer.read_only = true -- make all opened buffers read-only
  end)
  textadept.menu.menubar = nil -- hide the menubar
end, "Read-only mode")

Textadept can also open files and projects using the command line. For example:

textadept /path/to/file1 ../relative/path/to/file2
textadept /path/to/project/ relative/path/to/file1 relative/file2

Unless a filename is specified as an absolute path, Textadept assumes it is relative to the application’s current working directory (cwd). Textadept’s cwd is initially the command line’s cwd. (If Textadept is not being run from the command line, its cwd is unspecified.) If a project directory is specified, it becomes Textadept’s cwd. (Textadept does not open all files in that directory.) If multiple project directories are specified, the last one becomes the cwd.

By default, Textadept saves its state when it exits. (This state consists of buffers and split views that are open, the list of recently opened files, the application window’s size and maximized state, etc.) If Textadept is not given any files or projects to open, it will try to restore its state at last exit.

Tip: you can explicitly tell Textadept to load a session by name using the -s or --session command line argument. You can disable session functionality using -n or --nosession. Session files are stored in ~/.textadept/, and the default session name is “session”.

The GUI version of Textadept is a single-instance application. This means that after you start Textadept, any time you invoke it again (e.g. opening a file from a file browser or command line), the action happens in the original instance. If you want to run separate instances of Textadept, pass the -f or --force command line flag. On Windows, you can create a shortcut to textadept.exe that passes this flag and use that shortcut to run Textadept. On Linux and BSD, you can set up your button or menu launchers to pass the flag to the textadept executable.

Textadept can be run as a portable application. This is useful if, for example, you want to install Textadept onto a flash drive and take it with you for use on multiple machines. Normally, all settings and user data is stored in ~/.textadept/ (a local user directory that varies, depending on the platform). However, this user directory can be controlled using the -u or --userhome command line argument. For example, invoking textadept.exe with the command line arguments -u userdata will read from and store settings and user data to a userdata/ directory located inside an installation of Textadept. You can create a Windows shortcut that passes these command line arguments to the Textadept executable and use that shortcut to run Textadept portably.

Textadept’s user interface has been translated into a few different languages. When the application starts, it attempts to auto-detect your language settings by reading from the $LANG environment variable. If Textadept cannot determine what language to use, or if it does not support your language, it falls back on English. You can manually set your locale by copying one of the locale configuration files from Textadept’s core/locales/ to your ~/.textadept/ directory and renaming it locale.conf. If you would like to translate Textadept into your language, please translate the English messages in core/locale.conf and send me (see README.md) the modified file for inclusion in a future release.

macOS Tip: by default, macOS does not allow GUI applications like Textadept.app to see shell environment variables like $PATH. (The terminal version is unaffected.) Consequently, any features that utilize programs contained in $PATH (e.g. the programs in /usr/bin/ or /usr/local/bin/) will not find those programs. In order to work around this, Textadept automatically invokes a user-created ~/.textadept/osx_env.sh file when the application starts. This script should export all of the environment variables you need Textadept to see. For example:

export PATH=$PATH

Linux Note: providing a single binary that runs on all Linux systems proves challenging, since the versions of software installed vary widely from distribution to distribution. If you get errors like:

you will need to compile Textadept manually for your system, which is a very straightforward and easy process.

User Interface

UI

Textadept’s user interface is sleek and simple. It consists of a menu bar, tab bar, editor view, and statusbar. There is also a find & replace pane and a command entry, though Textadept initially hides them both.

Textadept’s titlebar shows the name and path of the current, active buffer. A ‘*’ character, if present, indicates there are unsaved changes in that buffer.

The GUI version of Textadept has a completely customizable menu that provides access to nearly all of the application’s editing features.

Tip: Textadept is largely a keyboard-driven application, so nearly every menu item has a key binding. For at least the GUI version in the English locale on Windows, Linux, and BSD, each menu and menu item also has a unique mnemonic that can be used to activate it. For example, Alt+E accesses the “Edit” menu, S opens the “Select” sub-menu, and L invokes the menu item that selects the current line.

Textadept’s menu is also accessible in the form of a searchable dialog via Ctrl+Shift+E on Windows, Linux, and BSD, ⌘⇧E on macOS, and M-S-C in the terminal version. (Despite the fact that the terminal version does not have a menu, it does have this dialog.) Typing part of the name of any command in the dialog filters the list, with spaces being wildcards. The arrow keys move the selection up and down. Pressing Enter, selecting OK, or double-clicking on a command invokes it. (The terminal requires pressing Enter.) This feature is an alternative to navigating the menus or remembering key bindings. It can also be used to quickly look up key bindings for particular commands.

Note: for commands that have more than one key binding, only one of those bindings is shown in the menu and dialog, and that binding is randomly chosen.

You can extend Textadept’s menu with your own menus, sub-menus, and menu items by modifying the textadept.menu.menubar table. Any modifications will show up in the selection dialog mentioned previously, even in the terminal version. For example, in your ~/.textadept/init.lua:

local tools = textadept.menu.menubar[_L['Tools']]
tools[#tools + 1] = {''} -- separator
tools[#tools + 1] = {'Reset L_ua State', reset}

Tab Bar

The GUI version of Textadept has a tab bar that displays all of Textadept’s open buffers by name, though it is only visible when two or more buffers are open. A ‘*’ character, if present, indicates there are unsaved changes in the marked buffer. There is only one tab bar for the entire application, even if there are multiple split views. When two or more views are open, the state of the tab bar applies only to the active view, and using the tab bar to switch between files also applies only to that view. Right-clicking on the tab bar brings up a configurable context menu that is defined by textadept.menu.tab_context_menu. You can turn off the tab bar by setting ui.tabs. For example, in your ~/.textadept/init.lua:

ui.tabs = false

Cycle to the next buffer via Ctrl+Tab on Windows, Linux, and BSD, ^⇥ on macOS, and M-N in the terminal version. Cycle to the previous buffer via Ctrl+Shift+Tab, ^⇧⇥, and M-P.

Note: Textadept does not currently support rearranging tabs (e.g. via drag and drop).

The tab bar is also accessible in the form of a searchable dialog via Ctrl+B on Windows, Linux, and BSD, ⌘B on macOS, and M-B or M-S-B in the terminal version. (Despite the fact that the terminal version does not have a tab bar, it does have this dialog.) The dialog displays a list of currently open buffers. Typing part of any filename filters the list, with spaces being wildcards. The arrow keys move the selection up and down. Pressing Enter, selecting OK, or double-clicking on a buffer switches to it. (The terminal requires pressing Enter.) This feature is particularly useful when many files are open, and navigating through the tab bar is tedious.

Buffer Browser    Buffer Browser Filtered

By default, the list shows buffers in the same order as the tab bar (the most recently opened buffers are shown towards the bottom). You can configure the list to show the most recently viewed buffers first by changing the key binding. For example, in your ~/.textadept/init.lua:

keys['ctrl+b'] = function() ui.switch_buffer(true) end

Editor View

The editor view is where you will spend most of your time in Textadept. You can split it vertically and horizontally as many times as you like, and you can view the same buffer in two or more separate views. Lua also has near complete control over all views. The buffer and view documentation lists everything you can do with buffers and views directly. Right-clicking inside a view brings up a configurable context menu that is defined by textadept.menu.context_menu.

Split views can be dynamically resized by clicking and dragging on the splitter bar that separates them. The following key bindings apply for split views:

Note: depending on the split sequence, the order when cycling between views may not be linear.

Terminal version note: M-^V is the key chain prefix for split views. Press and release the prefix, and then type the next key in the chain by itself in order to perform the split view action.

Find & Replace Pane

The find & replace pane is a compact, full-featured pane that allows you to quickly search through files and directories. The pane is available only when you need it and quickly gets out of your way when you do not, minimizing distractions.

You can summon the find & replace pane via Ctrl+F on Windows, Linux and BSD, ⌘F on macOS, and M-F or M-S-F in the terminal version. It has the usual find and replace functionality you would expect, along with “Match Case”, “Whole Word”, “Regex”, and “In Files” options. The pane also stores find and replace history, up to 10 entries for each. As you search, Textadept can automatically highlight all instances of found text in the current buffer by setting ui.find.highlight_all_matches. For example, in your ~/.textadept/init.lua:

ui.find.highlight_all_matches = true

Note: Textadept does not support multi-line regex searches.

While the pane is open in the GUI, the following key bindings apply:

While the pane is open in the terminal version, the following key bindings apply:

When the pane is closed, you can quickly perform “Find Next”, “Find Prev”, “Replace”, and “Replace All” via Ctrl+G, Ctrl+Shift+G, Ctrl+Alt+R, and Ctrl+Alt+Shift+R, respectively, on Windows, Linux, and BSD; ⌘G, ⌘⇧G, ^R, and ^⇧R, respectively, on macOS; and M-G, M-S-G, M-R, and M-S-R in the terminal version.

Tip: by default, “Replace All” replaces all text in the buffer. Selecting a contiguous block of text and then performing “Replace All” replaces all text in that selection only. Textadept does not currently support “Replace All” within non-contiguous selections (e.g. multiple selections).

Find in Files

Textadept can search for text within multiple files and directories via Ctrl+Shift+F on Windows, Linux, and BSD, and ⌘⇧F on macOS. (The terminal version does not have a default key binding for finding in files.) Invoking “Find Next” prompts you for a directory to search in. The “Replace” entry has been substituted for a “Filter” entry that contains files and directories to include or exclude from the search.

A filter consists of a comma-separated list of Lua patterns that match filenames and directories to include or exclude. Patterns are inclusive by default. Exclusive patterns begin with a ‘!’. If no inclusive patterns are given, any filename is initially considered. As a convenience, file extensions can be specified literally instead of as a Lua pattern (e.g. ‘.lua’ vs. ‘%.lua$’), and ‘/’ also matches the Windows directory separator (‘[/\]’ is not needed). The default filter excludes many common binary files and version control directories from searches.

Tip: Textadept keeps track of filters set per-directory. You can also set per-directory filters in Lua by modifying ui.find_in_files_filters. For example, in your ~/.textadept/init.lua:

-- Only search in certain source directories.
ui.find.find_in_files_filters['/path/to/project'] = {'/include', '/src'}

After performing a “Find in Files” search, a temporary buffer lists the search results. You can use the arrow keys to navigate within the list and press Enter to jump to a result’s location in its respective file. You can also double-click on results or jump to the next or previous result via Ctrl+Alt+G or Ctrl+Alt+Shift+G, respectively, on Windows, Linux, and BSD; and ^⌘G or ^⌘⇧G, respectively, on macOS. (The terminal version does not have default key bindings for these actions.)

Find in Files

Incremental Find

Textadept searches for text incrementally as you type when you summon the find & replace pane via Ctrl+Alt+F on Windows, Linux, and BSD, ^⌘F on macOS, and M-^F in the terminal version. All of the find options apply except for “In Files”.

Command Entry

The versatile command entry has many different roles. Its primary role is to execute Lua commands and interact with Textadept’s internal Lua state. In another context it filters text through shell commands. Lua extensions allow it to do even more. Like the find & replace pane, the command entry pops in and out as you wish. Each role has its own history that can be cycled through via the Up and Down key bindings on Windows, Linux, BSD, and the terminal version, and ⇡ and ⇣ on macOS.

Lua Command Entry

Command Entry

You can open the Lua command entry via Ctrl+E on Windows, Linux, and BSD, ⌘E on macOS, and M-C in the terminal version. It acts very similarly to Lua’s interactive prompt. Type in the Lua command or code to run and press Enter to invoke or run it. Textadept’s Lua API contains all of the application’s built-in commands. For convenience, the contents of the buffer, view, ui, and textadept tables are considered to be global variables, the first parameter to buffer and view functions may be omitted, and function call parentheses can also be omitted. For example, instead of entering buffer:append_text('foo'), you can enter append_text('foo'). Instead of view:split(), you can simply use split. These convenience facilities are not available in normally executed Lua code, such as code in ~/.textadept/init.lua.

Warning: if you try to cause instability of Textadept’s Lua state, you will probably succeed, so be careful.

The following key bindings apply in the Lua command entry:

Command Completion

You can specify on the command line Lua commands and code to run on startup using the -e and --execute command line argument. This is useful when you want to run dynamic commands that do not belong in ~/.textadept/init.lua.

Tip: a side-effect of single-instance functionality in the GUI version of Textadept is that you can remotely control the original instance of Textadept. For example:

ta ~/.textadept/init.lua &
ta -e "events.emit(events.FIND, 'require')"

This will search for the first instance of the word “require” in the current file.

Shell Command Entry and Filtering Text

You can filter text through shell commands via Ctrl+| on Windows, Linux, and BSD, ⌘| on macOS, and ^\ in the terminal version. An example would be running the shell command sort, which accepts lines in a buffer as standard input (stdin), sorts those lines, and then emits them to standard output (stdout), which Textadept replaces the original input text with. textadept.editing.filter_through() describes how this feature determines stdin.

Statusbar

The statusbar consists of two sections. The left section displays temporary status messages, while the right section shows buffer status information. Buffer status information includes:

Document Statusbar

Working with Files and Projects

Textadept allows you to open files using a variety of methods:

Quick Open

When it comes to projects, Textadept’s only concept of a project is a parent directory under a recognized form of version control (Git, Mercurial, SVN, Bazaar, and Fossil). There is no “Open Project” action. Textadept can work with multiple projects at once, since the current project depends largely on context. The current project is determined as follows:

  1. If the current buffer is a file, its parent directory is searched for a version control directory. If none is found, that directory’s parent directory is searched next, and so on. If a version control directory is found, its parent directory is the current project.
  2. If Textadept’s current working directory (cwd) contains a version control directory, that cwd is the current project. Otherwise, the cwd’s parent directory is searched, just like in step 1.
  3. If no version control directory is found, there is no current project.

Tip: you can specify Textadept’s current working directory by passing it on the command line when running the application. This effectively starts Textadept with a “default project”.

By default, Textadept’s quick open dialog displays nearly all types of files, and only the first 1000 files it finds. You can assign a project or directory-specific filter that indicates which files to display for that project or directory by modifying io.quick_open_filters, and you can specify a different maximum file list size that applies to all projects and directories by setting io.quick_open_max. For example, in your ~/.textadept/init.lua:

io.quick_open_filters['/path/to/project'] = {'/include', '/src'}
io.quick_open_max = 10000 -- support huge projects

A filter consists of a comma-separated list of Lua patterns that match filenames and directories to include or exclude. Patterns are inclusive by default. Exclusive patterns begin with a ‘!’. If no inclusive patterns are given, any filename is initially considered. As a convenience, file extensions can be specified literally instead of as a Lua pattern (e.g. ‘.lua’ vs. ‘%.lua$’), and ‘/’ also matches the Windows directory separator (‘[/\]’ is not needed). The default filter excludes many common binary files and version control directories from searches.

You can mimic a more traditional approach to projects by saving and loading project-specific sessions via the “File > Save Session…” and “File > Load Session…” menu items, respectively. A session can be loaded on startup using the -s or --session command line argument.

Language

When Textadept opens a file, it automatically attempts to identify the programming language associated with that file and assigns a lexer to perform syntax highlighting of the file’s contents. The identification process is as follows:

  1. The first line of the file is checked against any Lua patterns in textadept.file_types.patterns. If there is a match, the lexer associated with that matching pattern is used.
  2. The file’s extension is checked against any of the extensions in textadept.file_types.extensions. If there is a match, the lexer associated with that matching extension is used. If the file does not have an extension, the entire file name is used in the check.

You can associate first line patterns, file extensions, and file names with lexers by modifying textadept.file_types.patterns and textadept.file_types.extensions. For example, in your ~/.textadept/init.lua:

textadept.file_types.patterns['^#!.+/zsh'] = 'bash'
textadept.file_types.extensions.luadoc = 'lua'

Textadept has lexers for more than 100 different programming languages and recognizes hundreds of file types. In the event that your programming language is not understood, you can write a lexer for it, place that lexer in your ~/.textadept/lexers/ directory, and add an extension and/or pattern for it.

For a given lexer name, Textadept attempts to find, in order, that lexer from the following locations:

  1. Your ~/.textadept/lexers/ directory.
  2. Textadept’s lexers/ directory.

Tip: placing lexers in your user data directory avoids the possibility of you overwriting them when you update Textadept. These lexers also take precedence over the ones installed with Textadept.

You can manually change a buffer’s lexer via Ctrl+Shift+L on Windows, Linux, and BSD, ⌘⇧L on macOS, and M-S-L in the terminal version. Typing part of a lexer name in the dialog filters the list, with spaces being wildcards. The arrow keys move the selection up and down. Pressing Enter, selecting OK, or double-clicking on a lexer assigns it to the current buffer. (The terminal requires pressing Enter.)

Encoding

Textadept has the ability to work with files encoded in one of many different encodings, but by default it only attempts to read UTF-8, ASCII, CP1252, and UTF-16 files, in that order. If you work with files that have other encodings, you will need to add them to io.encodings, Textadept’s known encoding list, before attempting to open one. For example, in your ~/.textadept/init.lua:

io.encodings[#io.encodings + 1] = 'UTF-32'
table.insert(io.encodings, 3, 'Macintosh') -- before CP1252

You can convert a buffer’s encoding using the “Buffer > Encoding” menu or buffer.set_encoding(). You can extend the menu to include more encodings. For example, in your ~/.textadept/init.lua:

local menu = textadept.menu.menubar[_L['Buffer']][_L['Encoding']]
local encoding = 'UTF-32'
menu[#menu + 1] = {encoding, function() buffer:set_encoding(encoding) end}

The default encoding for new buffers is UTF-8, due to its wide support in other text editors and all modern operating systems.

Buffer Settings

Textadept attempts to auto-detect a file’s line end mode (EOL mode), falling back on CRLF (“\r\n”) by default on Windows, and LF (‘\n’) on all other platforms. You can manually change the line ending mode using the “Buffer > EOL Mode” menu.

Textadept does not attempt to auto-detect a file’s indentation. The default indentation setting is two spaces, but you can specify your preferred indentation settings globally, and on a language-specific basis. For example, in your ~/.textadept/init.lua:

-- Default indentation settings for all buffers.
buffer.use_tabs = true
buffer.tab_width = 8

-- Indentation settings for individual languages.
events.connect(events.LEXER_LOADED, function(name)
  if name == 'python' then
    buffer.use_tabs = false
    buffer.tab_width = 4
  elseif name == 'ruby' or name == 'yaml' then
    buffer.use_tabs = false
    buffer.tab_width = 2
  end
end)

You can manually change a buffer’s indentation using the following process:

  1. Toggle between using tabs and spaces via Ctrl+Alt+Shift+T on Windows, Linux, and BSD, ^⇧T on macOS, and M-T or M-S-T in the terminal version.
  2. Set the indentation size via the “Buffer > Indentation” menu.
  3. Optionally convert existing indentation to the new indentation settings via Ctrl+Alt+I on Windows, Linux, and BSD, ^I on macOS, and M-I in the terminal version.
View Settings

Textadept normally does not wrap long lines into view, nor does it show whitespace characters. You can toggle line wrapping for the current buffer via Ctrl+Alt+\ on Windows, Linux, and BSD, and ^\ on macOS. You can toggle whitespace visibility for the current buffer via Ctrl+Alt+Shift+S on Windows, Linux, and BSD, and ^⇧S on macOS. Visible spaces are represented by dots, and visible tabs are represented by arrows. (The terminal version does not have default key bindings for either of these actions.)

The GUI version of Textadept can show small guiding lines based on indentation level, and does so by default. You can toggle the visibility of these guides for the current view via Ctrl+Alt+Shift+I on Windows, Linux, and BSD, and ^⇧I on macOS.

The GUI version of Textadept also allows you to temporarily increase or decrease the font size in the current view. The following key bindings apply for this feature:

Adept Editing

Textadept implements most of the customary key bindings for navigating text fields on each platform, including Bash-style bindings on macOS and in the terminal version. The editor also implements most of the usual basic editing key bindings (e.g. undo, redo, cut, copy, paste, etc.). All of Textadept’s navigation-related key bindings are listed in the “Movement” section of the key bindings list. Textadept’s basic editing key bindings are listed in the “Edit” section of that list. (They are also shown in the “Edit” menu.)

Brace Matching, Auto-pair, and Typeover

Textadept automatically highlights matching brace characters when the caret is over one of them: ‘(‘, ‘)’, ‘[’, ‘]’, ‘{‘, or ‘}’. You can jump to the current character’s complement via Ctrl+M on Windows, Linux, and BSD, ^M on macOS, and M-M in the terminal version. You can add highlighting for ‘<’ and ‘>’ by modifying textadept.editing.brace_matches. For example, in your ~/.textadept/init.lua:

textadept.editing.brace_matches[string.byte('<')] = true
textadept.editing.brace_matches[string.byte('>')] = true

Matching Braces

Since braces often go together in pairs, Textadept automatically inserts the complement of opening brace characters you type, deletes that complement if you press Backspace, and moves over the complement if you type it (as opposed to inserting it again). Textadept also exhibits this behavior for single and double quote characters (‘'’ and ‘"’). You can configure or disable this behavior by modifying textadept.editing.auto_pairs and textadept.editing.typeover_chars. For example, in your ~/.textadept/init.lua:

-- Auto-pair and typeover '<' and '>'.
textadept.editing.auto_pairs[string.byte('<')] = '>'
textadept.editing.typeover_chars[string.byte('>')] = true

-- Disable auto-pair and typeover.
textadept.editing.auto_pairs = nil
textadept.editing.typeover_chars = nil

Word Highlight

Textadept can be configured to automatically highlight all occurrences of the word under the caret, or all occurrences of the selected word (e.g. a variable name), by setting textadept.editing.highlight_words. For example, in your ~/.textadept/init.lua:

-- Highlight all occurrences of the current word.
textadept.editing.highlight_words = textadept.editing.HIGHLIGHT_CURRENT
-- Highlight all occurrences of the selected word.
textadept.editing.highlight_words = textadept.editing.HIGHLIGHT_SELECTED

Pressing Esc clears highlighting. By default, Textadept does not perform any automatic highlighting.

Word Highlight

Autocompletion and Documentation

Textadept provides buffer-based word completion. It can also autocomplete symbols for programming languages and display documentation for functions and other symbols.

You can show word completion candidates for partially-typed words via Ctrl+Enter on Windows, Linux, and BSD, ^Esc on macOS, and M-Enter in the terminal version. Continuing to type changes the suggested completion. Use the arrow keys to navigate within the list and press Enter to insert the rest of the selected word. By default, the list of completions comes from the current buffer. You can configure Textadept to look in all open buffers by setting textadept.editing.autocomplete_all_words. For example, in ~/.textadept/init.lua:

textadept.editing.autocomplete_all_words = true

Word Completion

For languages that support it, you can show symbol completion candidates at the current position via Ctrl+Space on Windows, Linux, and BSD, ⌥Esc on macOS, and ^Space in the terminal version.

Autocomplete Lua      Autocomplete Lua String

Also for languages that support it, you can show any known documentation for the current symbol via Ctrl+H on Windows, Linux, and BSD, ^H on macOS, and M-H or M-S-H in the terminal version. Textadept has built-in autocompletion and documentation support for Lua and C, including for its own Lua API.

Documentation

Textadept’s framework for providing symbol autocompletion and documentation relies on autocompleter functions and API files, which are often supplied by language modules. You can use this framework to write your own autocompletion routines.

Text Selections

Textadept has three kinds of text selections: contiguous, multiple, and rectangular.

You can create contiguous selections as follows:

You can create multiple selections as follows:

Textadept mirrors any typed text at each selection.

You can create a rectangular selection as follows:

You are permitted to create a zero-width rectangular selection that spans multiple lines, and for this kind of selection, Textadept mirrors any typed text on all of those lines.

Rectangular Selection      Rectangular Edit

Text Transformations

Textadept can apply many different transformations to the current word, line, and selected text.

You can auto-enclose selected text between any typed punctuation character (taking into account textadept.editing.auto_pairs) by setting textadept.editing.auto_enclose. For example, in your ~/.textadept/init.lua:

textadept.editing.auto_enclose = true

Textadept records buffer positions within views over time and allows for navigating through that history. Navigate backward or forward via Alt+, or Alt+., respectively, on Windows, Linux, and BSD; ^, or ^., respectively, on macOS; and M-, or M-., respectively, in the terminal version.

Goto Line

You can jump to a specific line in the current buffer via Ctrl+J on Windows, Linux, and BSD, ⌘J on macOS, and ^J in the terminal version. Enter the line number to jump to in the prompt, and press Enter or click OK.

Bookmarks

Bookmarks are markers attached to lines of interest. They move in sync with the lines they were added to as buffer text is inserted and deleted. Bookmarks show up in the left-hand margin after line numbers. Textadept allows you to bookmark lines and jump back to them later. The following key bindings apply for bookmarks:

Macros

Macros allow you to quickly record a series of edits and play them back without having to write a custom Lua script. The following key bindings apply for macros:

You can use the “Tools > Macros” menu to save the most recently recorded macro to a file, and to load one for playback on demand.

Snippets

Snippets are dynamic text templates that can be inserted into the buffer on demand. They are composed of any combination of plain text, placeholders for interactive input, mirrors and transforms for interactive input, and arbitrary Lua and Shell code. Snippets eliminate the need for typing repetitive code constructs like class definitions, getters and setters, control structures, API calls, and more.

Snippet      Snippet Expanded

A snippet has a trigger word associated with snippet text in the snippets table. Language-specific snippets are in a subtable assigned to their language’s lexer name, and are often supplied by language modules. Snippets may also be the contents of files in a snippet directory, with file names being the trigger word. The snippets documentation describes snippets and their contents in more detail.

The following key bindings apply for snippets:

Code Folding

Textadept can temporarily hide blocks of code in supported languages. Markers in the margin to the left of code denote fold points. Clicking on those markers toggles folding. You can toggle folding for the current block via Ctrl+* on Windows, Linux, and BSD, ⌘* on macOS, and M-* in the terminal version.

Folding

Virtual Space

Textadept normally constrains the caret to remain within text lines. Enabling virtual space allows you to move the caret into the space beyond the ends of lines. Toggle virtual space via Ctrl+Alt+Shift+V on Windows, Linux, and BSD, and ^⇧V in macOS. (The terminal version does not have a default key binding for toggling virtual space.)

Key Bindings

Key bindings are simply commands (Lua functions) assigned to key sequences in the keys table. Key sequences are composed of an ordered combination of modifier keys followed by either the key’s inserted character or, if no such character exists, the string representation of the key according to keys.KEYSYMS. Language-specific keys are in a subtable assigned to their language’s lexer name, and are often supplied by language modules. Key sequences can also be assigned tables of key bindings to create key chains (e.g. Emacs C-x prefix). Key bindings can be grouped into modes such that while a mode is active, Textadept ignores all key bindings outside that mode until the mode is unset (e.g. Vim-style modal editing). The keys documentation describes all of this in more detail.

Compile, Run, and Build

Textadept knows most of the commands that compile and/or run code in source files. It also knows some of the commands that build projects. Textadept recognizes many of the warning and error messages emitted by those commands and marks them as they occur in compile/run/build output. Double-clicking on a line with a warning or error jumps to its source.

The following key bindings apply for compiling and running source files, and for building projects:

Runtime Error

When you execute a compile, run, or build command, that command’s output is printed to a temporary buffer in real-time. You can configure Textadept to print output in the background by setting textadept.run.run_in_background. For example, in your ~/.textadept/init.lua:

textadept.run.run_in_background = true

You can change or add compile, run, and build commands by modifying the textadept.run.compile_commands, textadept.run.run_commands, and textadept.run.build_commands tables, respectively. You can add Lua patterns that recognize warning and error output by modifying the textadept.run.error_patterns table. For example, in your ~/.textadept/init.lua:

textadept.run.compile_commands.foo = 'foo "%f"'
textadept.run.run_commands.foo = './"%e"'
textadept.run.error_patterns.foo = {'^(.-):(%d+): (.+)$'} -- bar.foo:1: oops

textadept.run.build_commands['/path/to/project'] = 'make -C src -j4'

Tip: you can set compile and run commands on a per-filename basis, and these commands can contain arguments so that you do not have to invoke “Tools > Set Arguments…”

Modules

Modules are packages of Lua code that provide functionality for Textadept. Most of the editor’s features come from individual modules (see Textadept’s core/ and modules/ directories). Textadept can load modules when the application starts up, or it can load modules on-demand in response to events. Once a module is loaded, it persists in memory and is never unloaded. Textadept attempts to load, in order, a given module from the following locations:

  1. Your ~/.textadept/modules/ directory.
  2. Textadept’s modules/ directory.

Tip: placing modules in your user data directory avoids the possibility of you overwriting them when you update Textadept. These modules also take precedence over the ones installed with Textadept.

Textadept will only load modules it is explicitly told to load (e.g. from your ~/.textadept/init.lua). For example, in your ~/.textadept/init.lua:

local ctags = require('ctags')
ctags.f12 = ctags.goto_tag

events.connect(events.LEXER_LOADED, function(name)
  if name == 'lua' then require('lua.extras') end
end)

The only exception to this auto-loading prohibition is modules that have the same name as a lexer language. These so-called “language modules” will be automatically loaded when an appropriate source file is opened, or when the module’s associated lexer is loaded for a buffer.

Note: lexer language names are typically the names of lexer files in your ~/.textadept/lexers/ directory and Textadept’s lexers/ directory.

Developing Modules

Modules follow the Lua package model: a module is either a single Lua file or a group of Lua files in a directory that contains an init.lua file (which is the module’s entry point). The name of the module is its file name or directory name, respectively. Here are some basic guidelines for developing modules and some things to keep in mind:

Tip: you do not need to have a language module in order to have language-specific editing features. You can simply put language-specific features inside an events.LEXER_LOADED event handler. For example, in your ~/.textadept/init.lua:

-- Auto-pair and brace-match '<' and '>' only in HTML and XML files.
events.connect(events.LEXER_LOADED, function(name)
  local is_markup = name == 'html' or name == 'xml'
  textadept.editing.auto_pairs[string.byte('<')] = is_markup and '>'
  textadept.editing.brace_matches[string.byte('<')] = is_markup
  textadept.editing.brace_matches[string.byte('>')] = is_markup
end)

Themes

Themes customize Textadept’s look and feel. The editor comes with three built-in themes: “light”, “dark”, and “term”. The default theme for the GUI and terminal versions is “light” and “term”, respectively.

Light Theme    Dark Theme    Term Theme

A theme consists of a single Lua file, and is typically responsible for:

Textadept attempts to load, in order, a given theme from the following locations:

  1. Your ~/.textadept/themes/ directory.
  2. Textadept’s themes/ directory.

Tip: placing themes in your user data directory avoids the possibility of you overwriting them when you update Textadept. These themes also take precedence over the ones installed with Textadept.

You can set Textadept’s theme using view.set_theme(). You can also tweak a theme’s styles on a per-language basis. For example, in your ~/.textadept/init.lua:

if not CURSES then
  view:set_theme('light', {font = 'DejaVu Sans Mono', size = 12})
end

-- Color Java functions black instead of the default orange.
events.connect(events.LEXER_LOADED, function(name)
  if name ~= 'java' then return end
  local default_fore = view.style_fore[view.STYLE_DEFAULT]
  view.style_fore[buffer:style_of_name('function')] = default_fore
end)

Tip: you can experiment with themes without having to restart Textadept by using the reset() command in the Lua Command Entry. Once you make changes to either your ~/.textadept/init.lua or theme file, issuing the reset command will reload your changes.

The widgets in the GUI version of Textadept cannot be themed using Lua theme files. Instead, you must use GTK Resource Files, which are part of the GUI toolkit Textadept uses.

Note: Textadept’s pre-built binaries are built for and linked against GTK 2, not GTK 3.

Scripting

Nearly every aspect of Textadept can be scripted, or controlled, using Lua. Textadept contains its own internal copy of Lua 5.3, which is largely unmodified compared to the official Lua release. The main difference is that Textadept’s Lua does not have any compatibility options turned on for previous versions of Lua.

Being an event-driven application, Textadept simply responds to input like key presses, mouse clicks, and state changes by running Lua code (more specifically, executing Lua functions). For example, when you press a key, Textadept emits an events.KEYPRESS event, which its core/keys.lua is listening for. When a sequence like Ctrl+O on Windows, Linux, and BSD is recognized, core/keys.lua looks up which Lua function is assigned to the keys['ctrl+o'] key. By default, it is io.open_file(), so that function is executed and the user is prompted for a file to open. You could bind a different function to that key and Textadept will duly execute it. Similarly, when the editor opens a file via io.open_file(), that function emits a events.FILE_OPENED event, which modules/textadept/file_types.lua is listening for. When a Lua file is opened, modules/textadept/file_types.lua designates the “lua” lexer to perform syntax highlighting on that file and also loads the Lua language module if it has not already been loaded. You could also listen for events.FILE_OPENED in your ~/.textadept/init.lua and perform your own action, such as loading some project-specific tools for editing that file.

Your ~/.textadept/init.lua is the entry point to scripting Textadept. In this file you can set up custom key bindings, menu items, and event handlers that will perform custom actions. Here are some ideas:

Textadept’s Lua API is extensively documented and serves as the ultimate resource when it comes to scripting the editor. The claim “Textadept gives you complete control over nearly the entire application using Lua” is not an exaggeration!

If you are looking for a more structured scripting resource, Textadept Quick Reference contains a wealth of knowledge on how to script and configure Textadept. It groups the editor’s rich API into a series of tasks in a convenient and easy-to-use manner.

Generate Autocompletion and Documentation Files

You can generate for use with Textadept autocompletion and documentation files for your Lua modules. Simply run LuaDoc with Textadept’s modules/lua/tadoc.lua doclet. For example:

luadoc -d [output_path] --doclet _HOME/modules/lua/tadoc.lua [module(s)]

where _HOME is the path where you installed Textadept and output_path is an arbitrary path to write the generated tags and api files to. You can then have Textadept load and use those autocompletion and documentation files when editing Lua code. For example, in your ~/.textadept/init.lua:

local loaded_tags = false
events.connect(events.LEXER_LOADED, function(name)
  if name ~= 'lua' or loaded_tags then return
  _M.lua.tags[#_M.lua.tags + 1] = '/path/to/tags'
  loaded_tags = true
end)
table.insert(textadept.editing.api_files.lua, '/path/to/api')

Compiling

Textadept is a bit unusual in that building it is only supported on Linux and BSD, or within a Docker image. The application is cross-compiled for Windows and macOS from Linux. While it is certainly possible to compile Textadept natively on those platforms, it is simply not supported in any official capacity.

Requirements

The requirements for compiling Textadept on Linux or BSD should be readily available from a package manager. The requirements for cross-compiling Textadept for Windows from Linux should also be easily obtainable.

Linux requirements:

Note: on Ubuntu for example, these dependencies would be provided by the build-essential, libgtk2.0-dev, libncurses5-dev, libncursesw5-dev, and docker.io packages.

BSD requirements:

Windows cross-compiling requirements:

Note: on Ubuntu for example, the compiler dependency would be provided by the gcc-mingw-w64 and g++-mingw-w64 packages.

macOS cross-compiling requirements:

Note: Textadept’s src/Dockerfile contains an example of how to build an OSX cross toolchain.

Compiling

Textadept is built from its src/ directory and binaries are placed in the application’s root directory. The general procedure is to have Textadept build its dependencies first, and then its binaries. Textadept is self-contained, meaning you do not have to install it; it can run from its current location.

The following table provides a brief summary of make rules for building Textadept on Linux and BSD. (On BSD, substitute make with gmake.)

Command Description
make deps Downloads and builds all of Textadept’s core dependencies
make deps NIGHTLY=1 Optionally downloads and builds bleeding-edge dependencies
make Builds Textadept, provided all dependencies are in place
make GTK3=1 Builds Textadept using GTK 3.x
make DEBUG=1 Optionally builds Textadept with debug symbols
make install Optionally installs Textadept (to /usr/local by default)
make curses Builds the terminal version of Textadept
make curses install Optionally installs the terminal version of Textadept
make uninstall Uninstalls Textadept (from /usr/local by default)
make clean Deletes all compiled files, leaving only source files
make clean-deps Deletes all unpacked dependencies, leaving only downloads
make win32-deps Downloads and builds Textadept’s Windows dependencies
make win32 Cross-compiles Textadept for Windows
make win32-curses Cross-compiles the terminal version for Windows
make osx-deps Downloads and builds Textadept’s macOS dependencies
make osx Cross-compiles Textadept for macOS
make osx-curses Cross-compiles the terminal version for macOS
make osx-app Builds Textadept.app

If you want to install Textadept into a non-standard location, you can specify that location using the DESTDIR variable. For example:

make install DESTDIR=/prefix/to/install/to

Linux and BSD note: if any of Textadept’s dependencies are installed under a prefix that your compiler flags do not include by default (e.g. /usr/local/), you will have to run something like:

make CFLAGS="-I/usr/local/include" \
  CXXFLAGS="-I/usr/local/include -L/usr/local/lib"

Also, if you want to compile with Clang, you will have to run something like:

make CC=cc CXX=c++
Compiling using Docker

You can use Docker to build Textadept for Windows, macOS, or Linux. The image required to do so is about 2.5GB in size. For example:

localhost$ docker pull ghcr.io/orbitalquark/textadept-build:v1.0
localhost$ docker run -t -i -v /path/to/textadept:/ta -w /ta/src \
  ghcr.io/orbitalquark/textadept-build:v1.0
container# make deps
container# make
container# exit

If you prefer to build your own Docker image instead of pulling one, you can run docker build . from Textadept’s src/ directory, which contains the relevant Dockerfile.

You can issue within the container any of the build commands given in the previous table, though the install commands are meaningless.

Linux note: if, when running one of the Linux binaries produced, you get an error like /<path>/libstdc++.so.6: version 'GLIBCXX_<version>' not found, then try compiling with the following flags:

container# make CXXFLAGS="-0s -std=c++17 -static-libstdc++"

If you still get an error, this time like /<path>/libc.so.6: version 'GLIBC_<version>' not found, then you will have to compile Textadept manually without Docker.

Appendix

Regex and Lua Pattern Syntax

The following table outlines Regex and Lua Pattern syntax:

Regex Lua Meaning
. . Matches any character
[[:alpha:]] %a Matches any letter
\d %d Matches any digit
[[:lower:]] %l Matches any lower case character
[[:punct:]] %p Matches any punctuation character
\s %s Matches any space character
[[:upper:]] %u Matches any upper case character
\w %w Matches any alphanumeric character (Regex includes ‘_’)
[[:xdigit:]] %x Matches any hexadecimal digit
[set] [set] Matches any character in set, including ranges like A-Z
[^set] [^set] Matches the complement of set
* * Matches the previous item (Regex) or class (Lua) 0+ times
+ + Matches the previous item or class 1+ times
*? - Matches the previous item or class 0+ times, non-greedily
+?   Matches the previous item 1+ times, non-greedily
? ? Matches the previous item or class once or not at all
{m,n}   Matches the previous item between m and n times
{m,}   Matches the previous item at least m times
{m}   Matches the previous item exactly m times
|   Matches either the previous item or the next item
  %bxy Matches a balanced string bounded by x and y
  %f[set] Matches a position between characters not in and in set
\<   Matches the beginning of a word
\>   Matches the end of a word
\b   Matches a word boundary
^ ^ Matches the beginning of a line unless inside a set
$ $ Matches the end of a line unless inside a set
( ( The beginning of a captured matching region
) ) The end of a captured matching region
(?:…)   Consider matched “…” as a single, uncaptured item
\n %n The nth captured matching region’s texta
\x %x Non-alphanumeric character x, ignoring special meaning

aIn replacement text, “\0” (Regex) or “%0” (Lua) represents all matched text.

Textadept’s regular expressions are based on the C++11 standard for ECMAScript. There are a number of references for this syntax on the internet, including:

More information on Lua patterns can be found in the Lua 5.3 Reference Manual.

Terminal Version Compatibility

Textadept’s terminal version requires a font with good glyph support (like DejaVu Sans Mono or Liberation Mono), and lacks some GUI features due to the terminal’s constraints:

Directory Structure

Textadept’s directory structure is organized as follows:

Technologies

Textadept is composed of the following technologies:

Migrating from Textadept 10 to 11

API Changes
Old API Change New API
buffer    
set_theme() Renamed view:set_theme()
style_name[n] Replaced name_of_style(n)
CASEINSENSITIVEBEHAVIOUR_* Renamed CASEINSENSITIVEBEHAVIOR_*
INDIC_GRADIENTCENTRE Renamed INDIC_GRADIENTCENTER
MARGIN_COLOUR Renamed MARGIN_COLOR
auto_c_case_insensitive_behaviour Renamed auto_c_case_insensitive_behavior
colourise Renamed colorize
edge_colour Renamed edge_color
set_fold_margin_*colour Renamed set_fold_margin_*color
vertical_centre_caret Renamed vertical_center_caret
events    
AUTO_C_CANCELLED Renamed AUTO_C_CANCELED
N/A Added COMMAND_TEXT_CHANGED
N/A Added FILE_BEFORE_RELOAD
N/A Added FILE_AFTER_RELOAD
N/A Added FIND_RESULT_FOUND
N/A Added FIND_TEXT_CHANGED
N/A Added SESSION_SAVE
N/A Added SESSION_LOAD
N/A Added UNFOCUS
io    
reload_file() Renamed buffer:reload()
save_file() Renamed buffer:save()
save_file_as() Renamed buffer:save_as()
close_buffer() Renamed buffer:close()
keys    
MODE Renamed mode
lexer    
N/A Added to_eol()
delimited_range() Replaced range()
nested_pair() Replaced range()
fold_line_comments() Replaced fold_consecutive_lines()a
N/A Added number
N/A Added colors
N/A Added styles
N/A Added folding and other fold* properties
lfs    
dir_foreach() Replaced for filename in lfs.walk() do … end
textadept.bookmarks    
toggle(line, on) Changed toggle()
textadept.editing    
block_comment() Renamed toggle_comment()
highlight_word() Replaced highlight_words
textadept.file_types    
lexers Removed N/Ab
textadept.find    
find_incremental() Replaced incrementalc
find_incremental_keys Removed  
N/A Added highlight_all_matches
textadept.history Added textadept.history
textadept.run    
N/A Added set_arguments
textadept.snippets    
_insert() Renamed insert()
_previous() Renamed previous()
_cancel_current() Renamed cancel_current()
_select() Renamed select()
_paths Renamed paths
ui    
bufstatusbar_text Renamed buffer_statusbar_text
ui.command_entry    
N/A Added active
N/A Added append_history
ui.dialogs    
N/A Added progressbar()
ui.find    
find_in_files_timeout Removed N/A
N/A Added active
view    
N/A Added buffer functions and fieldsd

aReturns prefix and function, instead of just function.
bUse for name in buffer:private_lexer_call(_SCINTILLA.functions.property_names[1]):gmatch('[^\n]+') do ... end.
cUse textadept.menu.menubar[_L['Search']][_L['Find Incremental']][2].
dMost buffer functions and fields are available in views now. See section below.

Buffer Indexing Changes

All buffer positions, lines, and countable entities now start from 1 instead of 0. For example, buffer:get_line(1) now returns the contents of the first line instead of buffer:get_line(0), and marker and indicator numbers now count from 1 instead of 0.

While this change may seem daunting for migrating user scripts, in practice it is not, since most usage is internal, and an offset of 1 or 0 does not matter. In migrating Textadept’s internals, the following changes were made:

I found it helpful to quickly scan source files for syntax-highlighted numbers and then seeing if those numbers needed to be changed. Searching for “- 1”, “+ 1”, “buffer.length”, etc. was also helpful.

View API Additions and Buffer API Changes

Textadept’s buffer API is largely based on the Scintilla API, which does not distinguish between buffer- and view-specific functionality. Textadept 11 now attempts to separate this functionality, but only superficially. Buffers and views may be used interchangeably for the most part, but the buffer and view API provides guidance (not hard requirements) on which functions and fields are more appropriate for their respective objects. User scripts do not need to be updated and will continue to function normally. The following “Find” regex can be used to help convert buffer.* functionality to view.*:

(\w+)([.:])\b(additional_caret_fore|additional_carets_blink|additional_carets_visible|additional_sel_alpha|additional_sel_back|additional_sel_fore|all_lines_visible|annotation_visible|auto_c_max_height|auto_c_max_width|call_tip_fore_hlt|call_tip_pos_start|call_tip_position|call_tip_use_style|caret_fore|caret_line_back|caret_line_back_alpha|caret_line_frame|caret_line_visible|caret_line_visible_always|caret_period|caret_style|caret_width|cursor|edge_colour|edge_column|edge_mode|end_at_last_line|extra_ascent|extra_descent|first_visible_line|fold_display_text_style|fold_expanded|fold_flags|h_scroll_bar|highlight_guide|idle_styling|indentation_guides|indic_alpha|indic_fore|indic_hover_fore|indic_hover_style|indic_outline_alpha|indic_style|indic_under|line_visible|lines_on_screen|margins|margin_back_n|margin_cursor_n|margin_left|margin_mask_n|margin_options|margin_right|margin_sensitive_n|margin_type_n|margin_width_n|marker_alpha|marker_back|marker_back_selected|marker_fore|mouse_dwell_time|mouse_selection_rectangular_switch|property|property_expanded|property_int|rectangular_selection_modifier|representation|rgba_image_height|rgba_image_scale|rgba_image_width|scroll_width|scroll_width_tracking|sel_alpha|sel_eol_filled|size|style_back|style_bold|style_case|style_changeable|style_eol_filled|style_font|style_fore|style_italic|style_size|style_underline|style_visible|tab_draw_mode|v_scroll_bar|view_eol|view_ws|whitespace_size|wrap_indent_mode|wrap_mode|wrap_start_indent|wrap_visual_flags|wrap_visual_flags_location|x_offset|zoom|ANNOTATION_BOXED|ANNOTATION_HIDDEN|ANNOTATION_STANDARD|ANNOTATION_INDENTED|CARETSTYLE_BLOCK|CARETSTYLE_INVISIBLE|CARETSTYLE_LINE|CARET_EVEN|CARET_JUMPS|CARET_SLOP|CARET_STRICT|EDGE_BACKGROUND|EDGE_LINE|EDGE_MULTILINE|EDGE_NONE|FOLDACTION_CONTRACT|FOLDACTION_EXPAND|FOLDACTION_TOGGLE|FOLDDISPLAYTEXT_HIDDEN|FOLDDISPLAYTEXT_STANDARD|FOLDDISPLAYTEXT_BOXED|INDIC_BOX|INDIC_COMPOSITIONTHICK|INDIC_COMPOSITIONTHIN|INDIC_DASH|INDIC_DIAGONAL|INDIC_DOTBOX|INDIC_DOTS|INDIC_FULLBOX|INDIC_GRADIENT|INDIC_GRADIENTCENTRE|INDIC_HIDDEN|INDIC_PLAIN|INDIC_POINT|INDIC_POINTCHARACTER|INDIC_ROUNDBOX|INDIC_SQUIGGLE|INDIC_SQUIGGLELOW|INDIC_SQUIGGLEPIXMAP|INDIC_STRAIGHTBOX|INDIC_STRIKE|INDIC_TEXTFORE|INDIC_TT|MOD_ALT|MOD_CTRL|MOD_META|MOD_SHIFT|MOD_SUPER|MOUSE_DRAG|MOUSE_PRESS|MOUSE_RELEASE|WS_INVISIBLE|WS_VISIBLEAFTERINDENT|WS_VISIBLEALWAYS|WS_VISIBLEONLYININDENT|ALPHA_NOALPHA|ALPHA_OPAQUE|ALPHA_TRANSPARENT|CASE_CAMEL|CASE_LOWER|CASE_MIXED|CASE_UPPER|CURSORARROW|CURSORNORMAL|CURSORREVERSEARROW|CURSORWAIT|FOLDFLAG_LEVELNUMBERS|FOLDFLAG_LINEAFTER_CONTRACTED|FOLDFLAG_LINEAFTER_EXPANDED|FOLDFLAG_LINEBEFORE_CONTRACTED|FOLDFLAG_LINEBEFORE_EXPANDED|FOLDFLAG_LINESTATE|IV_LOOKBOTH|IV_LOOKFORWARD|IV_NONE|IV_REAL|MARGINOPTION_NONE|MARGINOPTION_SUBLINESELECT|MARGIN_BACK|MARGIN_COLOUR|MARGIN_FORE|MARGIN_NUMBER|MARGIN_RTEXT|MARGIN_SYMBOL|MARGIN_TEXT|MARK_ARROW|MARK_ARROWDOWN|MARK_ARROWS|MARK_BACKGROUND|MARK_BOOKMARK|MARK_BOXMINUS|MARK_BOXMINUSCONNECTED|MARK_BOXPLUS|MARK_BOXPLUSCONNECTED|MARK_CHARACTER|MARK_CIRCLE|MARK_CIRCLEMINUS|MARK_CIRCLEMINUSCONNECTED|MARK_CIRCLEPLUS|MARK_CIRCLEPLUSCONNECTED|MARK_DOTDOTDOT|MARK_EMPTY|MARK_FULLRECT|MARK_LCORNER|MARK_LCORNERCURVE|MARK_LEFTRECT|MARK_MINUS|MARK_PIXMAP|MARK_PLUS|MARK_RGBAIMAGE|MARK_ROUNDRECT|MARK_SHORTARROW|MARK_SMALLRECT|MARK_TCORNER|MARK_TCORNERCURVE|MARK_UNDERLINE|MARK_VERTICALBOOKMARK|MARK_VLINE|MASK_FOLDERS|TD_LONGARROW|TD_STRIKEOUT|TIME_FOREVER|WRAPINDENT_DEEPINDENT|WRAPINDENT_FIXED|WRAPINDENT_INDENT|WRAPINDENT_SAME|WRAPVISUALFLAGLOC_DEFAULT|WRAPVISUALFLAGLOC_END_BY_TEXT|WRAPVISUALFLAGLOC_START_BY_TEXT|WRAPVISUALFLAG_END|WRAPVISUALFLAG_MARGIN|WRAPVISUALFLAG_NONE|WRAPVISUALFLAG_START|WRAP_CHAR|WRAP_NONE|WRAP_WHITESPACE|WRAP_WORD|STYLE_BRACEBAD|STYLE_BRACELIGHT|STYLE_CALLTIP|STYLE_CONTROLCHAR|STYLE_DEFAULT|STYLE_FOLDDISPLAYTEXT|STYLE_INDENTGUIDE|STYLE_LINENUMBER|STYLE_MAX|UPDATE_H_SCROLL|UPDATE_V_SCROLL|VISIBLE_SLOP|VISIBLE_STRICT|brace_bad_light|brace_bad_light_indicator|brace_highlight|brace_highlight_indicator|call_tip_active|call_tip_cancel|call_tip_pos_start|call_tip_set_hlt|call_tip_show|clear_registered_images|clear_representation|contracted_fold_next|doc_line_from_visible|ensure_visible|ensure_visible_enforce_policy|fold_all|fold_children|fold_line|get_default_fold_display_text|hide_lines|line_scroll|line_scroll_down|line_scroll_up|marker_define|marker_define_pixmap|marker_define_rgba_image|marker_enable_highlight|marker_symbol_defined|multi_edge_add_line|multi_edge_clear_all|register_image|register_rgba_image|scroll_caret|scroll_to_end|scroll_to_start|scroll_range|set_default_fold_display_text|set_fold_margin_colour|set_fold_margin_hi_colour|set_sel_back|set_sel_fore|set_visible_policy|set_whitespace_back|set_whitespace_fore|set_x_caret_policy|set_y_caret_policy|show_lines|style_clear_all|style_reset_default|text_height|text_width|toggle_fold|toggle_fold_show_text|vertical_centre_caret|visible_from_doc_line|wrap_count|zoom_in|zoom_out|split|unsplit|goto_buffer)\b

“Replace” with

view\2\3

It is not recommended to blindly “Replace All”. Each change should be manually confirmed.

Theme and Lexer Changes

Themes and lexers have a new, optional API for defining and using colors and styles. Previously, all definitions and access to colors and styles was accomplished through buffer.property and buffer.property_int. Now it can be done via the lexer.colors and lexer.styles variables. For example:

-- Textadept 10
local property, property_int = buffer.property, buffer.property_int
property['color.blue'] = 0xFF0000
property['style.keyword'] = 'fore:$(color.blue),bold'
buffer.edge_colour = property_int['color.grey']

-- Textadept 11
local colors, styles = lexer.colors, lexer.styles
colors.blue = 0xFF0000
styles.keyword = {fore = colors.blue, bold = true}
view.edge_color = colors.grey

Any additional settings passed view:set_theme() are available as global variables in the theme. Textadept’s themes make use of font and size (the latter of which used to be fontsize) for easily configuring font and size per-user.

Lexers can also utilize these new features. For example:

-- Textadept 10
lex:add_rule('custom_rule', token('custom', P('word')))
lex:add_style('custom', lexer.STYLE_KEYWORD .. 'italic')

-- Textadept 11
lex:add_rule('custom_rule', token('custom', P('word')))
lex:add_style('custom', lexer.styles.keyword .. {italic = true})

Note that these features are optional. Themes and lexers setting property strings is still supported.

Localization Changes

GUI mnemonics in localization keys have been removed. For example, _L['_New'] should be changed to _L['New']. Mnemonics can still be used in localization values; it’s just the keys that have changed. See Textadept’s core/locale.conf for examples.

Key Bindings Changes

Key sequence modifiers have changed from their shortened form to a longer form that is more intuitive. 'c' is now 'ctrl', 'a' is now 'alt', 'm' is now 'cmd' on macOS and 'meta' in the terminal version, and 's' is now 'shift'. For example, keys.cn = ... is now keys['ctrl+n'] = ... and keys['m<'] = ... is now keys['cmd+<'] = ... or keys['meta+<'] = ....

The key binding for inserting a user-specified snippet from a dialog has changed from Ctrl+K (⌥⇥ on macOS | M-K on the terminal) to Ctrl+Shift+K (⌥⇧⇥ | M-S-K). Ctrl+K (⌥⇥ | M-K) now autocompletes snippet names.

Session Changes

Textadept saves and loads session from Lua data files instead of structured text files. As a result, Textadept 11 cannot load session files from 10.x or before.

Miscellaneous Changes